High blood pressure, also known as hypertension, occurs when the force pushing blood against the walls of the vessels is always too high, causing the heart to work harder to pump blood. It is measured in millimeters of mercury (mm Hg). Current blood pressure guidelines from the American Heart Association and the American College of Cardiology classify hypertension as 130/80 mm Hg or higher.
Blood pressure criteria for this study were slightly different from the ACC/AHA guidelines. The researchers classified blood pressure into five categories: optimal and normal (less than 130/85 mm Hg); normal high (130-139/85-89 mm Hg); grade 1 hypertension (140-159/90-99 mm Hg); degree 2 (160-179/100-109 mm Hg); and grade 3 (higher than 180/110 mm Hg). Blood pressure measures in grades 2 and 3 were considered severe hypertension in this study.
Study participants included more than 6,570 men and more than 12,000 women, aged between 40 and 79 at the start of the study. Participants provided data through health checks and self-administered questionnaires that assessed lifestyle, diet, and medical history.
Coffee and high blood pressure patients
During nearly 19 years of follow-up (to 2009), 842 cardiovascular-related deaths were recorded. It was found that drinking two or more cups of coffee per day was associated with twice the risk of death from cardiovascular disease in people with blood pressure of 160/100 mm Hg or higher compared with those who did not drink coffee. get high. Drinking one cup of coffee per day was not associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular death for any type of blood pressure. Green tea consumption was not associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular death for any type of blood pressure.
Advertisement
Previous studies have demonstrated that drinking one cup of coffee a day can help heart attack survivors by reducing their risk of dying from a heart attack and may help prevent heart attacks or strokes stroke in healthy people. Additionally, separate studies have suggested that regular coffee consumption may reduce the risk of developing chronic diseases, such as Type 2 diabetes and some cancers. It can help control appetite; May help reduce the risk of depression or increase alertness. Although it is not clear if this effect is due to the caffeine or something else in the coffee. On the harmful side, drinking too much coffee can raise blood pressure and lead to anxiety, heart palpitations, and trouble sleeping.
The study aimed to determine whether the known protective effects of coffee apply to people with varying degrees of hypertension; and also examined the effects of green tea in the same population.
These findings may support the claim that people with severe high blood pressure should avoid drinking too much coffee. Because people with severe hypertension are more susceptible to the effects of caffeine, the harmful effects of caffeine may outweigh its protective effects and may increase the risk of death.
Research shows that people who drink coffee more often are more likely to be younger, currently smoke, drink alcohol, eat fewer vegetables, and have higher total cholesterol levels and lower systolic blood pressure. highest number) regardless of blood pressure category.
Green tea can be better than coffee
The benefits of green tea can be explained by the presence of polyphenols, which are micronutrients with healthy antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties found in plants. The researchers note that polyphenols may be part of the reason coffee-only drinking is associated with an increased risk of death in people with severe high blood pressure, even though both green tea and coffee contain caffeine.
The study had some limitations as coffee and tea consumption was self-reported. Blood pressure is measured at a single point, regardless of changes over time. The observational nature of the study could not draw a direct causal link between coffee consumption and cardiovascular disease risk in people with severe high blood pressure.
More research is needed to learn more about the effects of coffee and green tea consumption in people with high blood pressure and to confirm the effects of coffee and green tea consumption in other countries.
Authority to solve :
- Coffee and green tea consumption and cardiovascular disease mortality in individuals with and without hypertension – (https:pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36542728/)
Source: Medindia
